General Ramp Guidelines

Slope

 

 

 

 

Maximum slope 1:12  That means a ramp should be one foot long for every inch of rise.
A gentler slope of 1:20 is preferred when possible.  That means the ramp would be 20 inches long for every inch of rise.

Width
Running surface widths can range from 36" to 48", depending on the personal assistance or mobility equipment involved.  36" may be appropriate for someone walking or using a cane, crutches, or a walker. (32" may be appropriate for persons who need to lean on both railings when moving.) 42" to 48" is appropriate for someone using a wheelchair, or where a person can walk with assistance at the side.

Top landings at minimum should be at least 60" X 60" if there is an outswinging door, with at least a 12" to 24" of "elbow room" space provided off the door's handle side.

Safety features-hand rails, guard rails, and crutch stops or bumpers
Handrails should account for variables including a person's height, arm and hand strength, how the rails are used, and any local building code requirements that may apply.  31 " to 34" is the typical height range, and the rails should be capable of supporting a 250 lb. load at any point along the length.  The diameter should be no more than 1 1/2", and may need to be smaller for children or adults with impaired grip strength.

Styles of ramps

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Building Permits may be required.  Contact your local building inspection department for information.